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English vocabulary.


Hi everyone! Let's learn some new vocabulary.

"incentive"

is something that motivates or encourages someone to do something. It can be a reward, benefit, or reason that drives a person to take action.

For example:

  • "The company offered bonuses as an incentive for employees to work harder."
  • "Getting good grades was her incentive to study more."

"derail" 

means to cause something to go off track or fail. It originally referred to a train coming off its tracks but is now often used figuratively.  

For example:  
  • Literal: "The train derailed after hitting an obstacle on the tracks."  
  • Figurative: "The sudden storm derailed our outdoor plans."  
  • "A small mistake could derail the whole project."

"trajectory" 

refers to the path that something follows as it moves through space or over time. It is often used in different contexts:

1. "In Physics or Geometry:"
   - Trajectory is the curved path an object takes when it is thrown, launched, or moves under forces like gravity.  
   Example: *The trajectory of a basketball shot forms an arc.*

2. "In Life or Events:"
   - It refers to the direction or progress of something over time, like a person's career, life, or a project.  
   Example: "Her career trajectory shifted after she earned a promotion."

Think of it as the "route" or "course" that something takes.  

"Pronunciation:"
/trə-JEK-tuh-ree/  
- "truh" (as in *trust*),  
- "jek" (as in *jet*),  
- "tuh-ree" (as in *tree*).

"infrastructure"

refers to the basic systems, structures, and facilities needed for a society, organization, or region to function effectively. It can include physical, organizational, and technological resources.  

 Examples of Infrastructure:

1."Physical Structures"  

   - Roads, bridges, railways, airports, and ports.  

   - Example: The city's infrastructure was improved with new highways.


2. "Utilities"

   - Water supply, electricity grids, sewage systems, and internet.  

   - Example: Access to clean water is a key part of infrastructure.


3. "Social Infrastructure:"

   - Schools, hospitals, and public services.  

   - Example: Investment in health infrastructure leads to better care.


4. "Digital Infrastructure:"  

   - Data centers, communication networks, and cloud systems.  

   - Example: Improved digital infrastructure supports remote work.


Pronunciation:

/IN-fruh-struhk-chur/  

- "in" (as in *input*),  

- "fruh" (as in *from*),  

- "struhk-chur" (as in *structure*).

"nationwide"

means something that occurs or applies across the entire country, involving all regions or people within a nation.


 Examples:

1. Events or Activities:

   - The government announced a nationwide holiday to celebrate the festival.

   (The holiday is observed in all parts of the country.)


2. Campaigns or Services:  

   - The company launched a nationwide campaign to promote its new product.  

   (The campaign reached every region in the nation.)


3. Statistics:  

   - Nationwide, the average temperature has risen over the past decade.

   (This means the data covers the whole country.)


Pronunciation:  

/NEY-shun-wyd/  

- "ney" (as in *neighbor*),  

- "shun" (as in *station*),  

- "wyd" (as in *wide*).














 

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